{"id":60170,"date":"2021-05-18T10:23:40","date_gmt":"2021-05-18T14:23:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.unhcr.ca\/?p=60170"},"modified":"2021-05-20T11:03:05","modified_gmt":"2021-05-20T15:03:05","slug":"au-bresil-la-legislation-favorise-linclusion-des-venezueliens-mais-des-defis-subsistent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.unhcr.ca\/fr\/news\/au-bresil-la-legislation-favorise-linclusion-des-venezueliens-mais-des-defis-subsistent\/","title":{"rendered":"Au Br\u00e9sil, la l\u00e9gislation favorise l\u2019inclusion des V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens, mais des d\u00e9fis subsistent"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_60126\" style=\"width: 976px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-60126\" class=\"size-full wp-image-60126\" src=\"https:\/\/www.unhcr.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Brazil-Policies-Venezuelans.jpeg\" alt=\"Une famille v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lienne.\" width=\"966\" height=\"644\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.unhcr.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Brazil-Policies-Venezuelans.jpeg 966w, https:\/\/www.unhcr.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Brazil-Policies-Venezuelans-480x320.jpeg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 966px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-60126\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Une famille v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lienne r\u00e9cemment arriv\u00e9e dans un centre d\u2019h\u00e9bergement g\u00e9r\u00e9 par les Nations Unies \u00e0 Manaus, au nord du Br\u00e9sil. \u00a9 HCR\/Felipe Irnaldo<\/p><\/div>\n<p><iframe id=\"speechkit-io-iframe\" style=\"display: none;\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-src=\"https:\/\/spkt.io\/a\/1911929\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/@speechkit\/speechkit-audio-player@latest\/dist\/speechkit-iframe-helper.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2>Communiqu\u00e9 de presse conjoint HCR\/Banque mondiale<\/h2>\n<p>Brasilia \u2013 Une\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/35358\">nouvelle \u00e9tude<\/a>\u00a0publi\u00e9e ce jour par la Banque mondiale et le HCR, l\u2019Agence des Nations Unies pour les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s, souligne les d\u00e9fis auxquels sont confront\u00e9s les V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 forc\u00e9s de quitter leur pays, alors qu\u2019ils tentent de d\u00e9marrer une nouvelle vie au Br\u00e9sil.<\/p>\n<p>Environ 260 000 V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens vivent actuellement au Br\u00e9sil apr\u00e8s avoir fui la crise sociale, politique et \u00e9conomique qui s\u00e9vit dans leur pays. Malgr\u00e9 une l\u00e9gislation favorable au Br\u00e9sil, beaucoup d\u2019entre eux rencontrent des obstacles pour acc\u00e9der aux services sociaux, au march\u00e9 du travail formel et au syst\u00e8me \u00e9ducatif. Ces obstacles sont li\u00e9s \u00e0 la barri\u00e8re de la langue, et aux difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 faire valider leurs dipl\u00f4mes et v\u00e9rifier leurs comp\u00e9tences professionnelles.<\/p>\n<p>Bien qu\u2019ils disposent de niveaux d\u2019\u00e9ducation similaires, le taux d\u2019embauche des V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens est inf\u00e9rieur de 64 pour cent en comparaison de celui de leurs h\u00f4tes br\u00e9siliens. La scolarisation de leurs enfants est inf\u00e9rieure de 53 pour cent par rapport \u00e0 celle des enfants br\u00e9siliens.<\/p>\n<p>Le Br\u00e9sil assure une aide sociale aux ressortissants d\u2019autres pays, quel que soit leur statut juridique &#8211; et ce depuis l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de la pand\u00e9mie. Le nombre de V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens ayant acc\u00e8s \u00e0 une aide financi\u00e8re par le biais de programmes sociaux a \u00e9t\u00e9 multipli\u00e9 par trois depuis le d\u00e9but de la pand\u00e9mie de Covid-19. Aujourd\u2019hui, 18 pour cent des V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens qui se trouvent au Br\u00e9sil b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient de cette aide.<\/p>\n<p>Cependant, le nombre de V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens enregistr\u00e9s pour b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de ce soutien est inf\u00e9rieur de 30 par cent par rapport \u00e0 celui des Br\u00e9siliens. Les V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens qui re\u00e7oivent une aide financi\u00e8re ont des niveaux plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s d\u2019\u00e9ducation et de comp\u00e9tences professionnelles que les b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires issus des communaut\u00e9s d\u2019accueil.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Nous avons analys\u00e9 des statistiques collect\u00e9es aupr\u00e8s des autorit\u00e9s administratives et lors de recensements entre 2017 et 2020 pour identifier de potentielles in\u00e9galit\u00e9s auxquelles sont confront\u00e9s les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et les migrants v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens dans l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation, au march\u00e9 du travail formel et au r\u00e9gime de protection sociale. Nous esp\u00e9rons que nos recommandations permettront d\u2019am\u00e9liorer l\u2019insertion des V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens au Br\u00e9sil\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Rovane Battaglin Schwengber, sp\u00e9cialiste dans le domaine de l\u2019\u00e9ducation et de la protection sociale \u00e0 la Banque mondiale.<\/p>\n<p>Selon l\u2019\u00e9tude, seulement 12 pour cent des V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens en \u00e2ge de travailler au Br\u00e9sil occupent un emploi formel. Les V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens qui travaillent dans le secteur formel sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement plus jeunes et plus nombreux \u00e0 avoir termin\u00e9 des \u00e9tudes secondaires. N\u00e9anmoins, ils doivent souvent travailler plus longuement, ils re\u00e7oivent des salaires inf\u00e9rieurs et leur s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u2019emploi est plus pr\u00e9caire que celle des nationaux.<\/p>\n<p>En mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9ducation, les enfants et les adolescents v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens en \u00e2ge de fr\u00e9quenter l\u2019\u00e9cole primaire sont d\u00e9savantag\u00e9s par rapport \u00e0 leurs homologues br\u00e9siliens. Selon un recensement men\u00e9 dans le secteur de l\u2019\u00e9ducation en 2020, seuls 37 700 (soit 45 pour cent) des enfants v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens \u00e9taient scolaris\u00e9s, en comparaison de plus de 85 pour cent parmi les enfants br\u00e9siliens.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00eame s\u2019ils r\u00e9ussissent \u00e0 s\u2019inscrire \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole, les enfants v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens sont souvent scolaris\u00e9s dans des \u00e9tablissements surfr\u00e9quent\u00e9s et sont plac\u00e9s dans des classes de niveau inf\u00e9rieur. Le manque d\u2019enseignants hispanophones constitue \u00e9galement un obstacle majeur \u00e0 leur r\u00e9ussite scolaire.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0L\u2019inclusion et l\u2019int\u00e9gration dans un nouveau pays est un processus \u00e0 long terme dont l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 repose sur un engagement ferme, des ressources et une approche v\u00e9ritablement holistique\u00a0\u00bb, a indiqu\u00e9 Nikolas Pirani, \u00e9conomiste au HCR, qui a travaill\u00e9 sur cette \u00e9tude.<\/p>\n<p>Le HCR encourage le gouvernement br\u00e9silien \u00e0 continuer de mettre en \u0153uvre des politiques visant \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre les difficult\u00e9s rencontr\u00e9es par les V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens, avec notamment la mise en \u0153uvre d\u2019un processus de v\u00e9rification des comp\u00e9tences professionnelles, le renforcement de la formation linguistique des employ\u00e9s et des enseignants, et l\u2019accroissement de la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019accueil dans les \u00e9tablissements scolaires, tout particuli\u00e8rement au nord du pays.<\/p>\n<p>Le HCR soutient ces efforts d\u2019int\u00e9gration en aidant \u00e0 la validation des dipl\u00f4mes, par le biais de partenariats avec le secteur priv\u00e9 et d\u2019initiatives visant \u00e0 employer des femmes r\u00e9fugi\u00e9es, entre autres. Il apporte \u00e9galement un appui au programme de relocalisation men\u00e9 par les autorit\u00e9s br\u00e9siliennes depuis l\u2019\u00c9tat frontalier de Roraima vers les r\u00e9gions du sud du Br\u00e9sil, o\u00f9 les V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens ont davantage d\u2019opportunit\u00e9s pour l\u2019autosuffisance.<\/p>\n<p>Parmi les V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens qui se trouvent au Br\u00e9sil, pr\u00e8s de 47 000 d\u2019entre eux ont obtenu le statut de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s des autorit\u00e9s br\u00e9siliennes, alors que plus de 145 000 autres ont re\u00e7u des visas de r\u00e9sidence temporaire. Par ailleurs, 96 000 V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens attendent l\u2019examen de leurs demandes d\u2019asile.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pour de plus amples informations \u00e0 ce sujet, veuillez svp contacter\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Au Br\u00e9sil,<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Luiz Fernando Godinho, HCR,\u00a0<a title=\"mailto:godinho@unhcr.org\" href=\"mailto:godinho@unhcr.org\">godinho@unhcr.org<\/a>, +55.61.9.8187.0978<\/li>\n<li>Elisa Diniz, Banque mondiale,\u00a0<a title=\"mailto:elisadiniz@worldbank.org\" href=\"mailto:elisadiniz@worldbank.org\">elisadiniz@worldbank.org<\/a>\u00a0+55.61.3329.1059 \/ +55.61.3329.1099<\/li>\n<li>Juliana Braga, Banque mondiale,\u00a0<a title=\"mailto:jbraga@worldbank.org\" href=\"mailto:jbraga@worldbank.org\">jbraga@worldbank.org<\/a>\u00a0+55.61.3329.1059 \/ +55.61.3329.1099<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>A Panama,<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>William Spindler, HCR\u00a0<a title=\"mailto:spindler@unhcr.org\" href=\"mailto:spindler@unhcr.org\">spindler@unhcr.org<\/a>\u00a0+507 6382 7815<\/li>\n<li>Olga Sarrado, HCR\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:sarrado@unhcr.org\">sarrado@unhcr.org<\/a>\u00a0+507 6640 0185<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>A Gen\u00e8ve,<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Aikaterini Kitidi, HCR\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:kitidi@unhcr.org\">kitidi@unhcr.org<\/a>, +41 79 580 8334<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Publi\u00e9 par le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/fr\/news\/press\/2021\/5\/60a3d56aa\/bresil-legislation-favorise-linclusion-venezueliens-defis-subsistent.html\">HCR<\/a>, le 18 mai 2021.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une nouvelle \u00e9tude souligne les d\u00e9fis auxquels sont confront\u00e9s les V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens alors qu\u2019ils tentent de d\u00e9marrer une nouvelle vie au Br\u00e9sil.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":60126,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[495,49,45],"tags":[568,90,200,259],"class_list":["post-60170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-feature-story-fr","category-communiques-de-presse","category-nouvelle","tag-bresil","tag-hcr","tag-refugies","tag-unhcr-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Br\u00e9sil: L\u00e9gislation favorise l\u2019inclusion des V\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9liens<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Une nouvelle \u00e9tude souligne les d\u00e9fis auxquels sont 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